Startup Sustainability and Innovation Strategies in Asian Emerging Economies
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66635/te8dr971Keywords:
Sustainability, Innovation strategies, Startups, Emerging economies, Business model innovationAbstract
Sustainability and innovation have become critical determinants of startup success, particularly in emerging economies characterised by rapid growth, institutional uncertainty, and resource constraints. This study examines the sustainability and innovation strategies adopted by startups operating in Asian emerging economies and analyses their influence on startup performance and long-term viability. Using a quantitative research design, primary data were collected from 70 startups across diverse sectors. Statistical analysis techniques were employed to assess sustainability practices, innovation strategies, and their interrelationships. The findings reveal that startups demonstrate moderate to high adoption of sustainability-oriented practices, with greater emphasis on economic and social sustainability compared to environmental sustainability. Product and business model innovation emerge as the most prominent innovation strategies among startups. The results further indicate a positive and significant relationship between sustainability practices and innovation strategies, suggesting that sustainability acts as an enabling factor for innovation. Additionally, both sustainability practices and innovation strategies contribute significantly to startup performance, with innovation exerting a stronger direct influence. The study contributes to the literature on sustainable entrepreneurship by providing empirical evidence from an emerging economy context. The findings offer valuable implications for startup founders, policymakers, and ecosystem stakeholders seeking to promote sustainability-driven innovation and inclusive entrepreneurial development.
References
1.Adams, R., Jeanrenaud, S., Bessant, J., Denyer, D., & Overy, P. (2016). Sustainability‐oriented innovation: A systematic review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 18(2), 180-205.
2.Audretsch, D. B., & Belitski, M. (2017). Entrepreneurial ecosystems in cities: establishing the framework conditions. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 42(5), 1030-1051.
3.Autio, E., Chiyachantana, C. N., Castillejos-Petalcorin, C., Fu, K., Habaradas, R., Jinjarak, Y., ... & Smit, W. (2024). Adoption of digital technologies, business model innovation, and financial and sustainability performance in start-up firms (No. 734). ADB Economics Working Paper Series.
4.Autio, E., Nambisan, S., Thomas, L. D., & Wright, M. (2018). Digital affordances, spatial affordances, and the genesis of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Strategic entrepreneurship journal, 12(1), 72-95.
5.Baumgartner, R. J., & Rauter, R. (2017). Strategic perspectives of corporate sustainability management to develop a sustainable organization. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 81-92.
6.Calic, G., & Mosakowski, E. (2016). Kicking off social entrepreneurship: How a sustainability orientation influences crowdfunding success. Journal of Management Studies, 53(5), 738-767.
7.Demirel, P., Li, Q. C., Rentocchini, F., & Tamvada, J. P. (2019). Born to be green: new insights into the economics and management of green entrepreneurship. Small business economics, 52(4), 759-771.
8.Engert, S., Rauter, R., & Baumgartner, R. J. (2016). Exploring the integration of corporate sustainability into strategic management: A literature review. Journal of cleaner production, 112, 2833-2850.
9.Horne, J., & Fichter, K. (2022). Growing for sustainability: Enablers for the growth of impact startups–A conceptual framework, taxonomy, and systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 349, 131163.
10.Jorzik, P., Antonio, J. L., Kanbach, D. K., Kallmuenzer, A., & Kraus, S. (2024). Sowing the seeds for sustainability: A business model innovation perspective on artificial intelligence in green technology startups. Technological forecasting and social change, 208, 123653.
11.Kumar, V., & Srivastava, R. (2020). New perspectives on business model innovations in emerging markets. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(5), 815-825.
12.Lee, K., Roh, T., Kim, J., Park, S., & Bae, Y. (2025). Unpacking sustainability in start-ups: a systematic review and research agenda. Discover Sustainability, 6(1), 1-24.
13.Muñoz, P., & Cohen, B. (2018). Sustainable entrepreneurship research: Taking stock and looking ahead. Business strategy and the environment, 27(3), 300-322.
14.Pieroni, M. P., McAloone, T. C., & Pigosso, D. C. (2019). Business model innovation for circular economy and sustainability: A review of approaches. Journal of cleaner production, 215, 198-216.
15.Rachinger, M., Rauter, R., Müller, C., Vorraber, W., & Schirgi, E. (2019). Digitalization and its influence on business model innovation. Journal of manufacturing technology management, 30(8), 1143-1160.
16.Rauter, R., Globocnik, D., Perl-Vorbach, E., & Baumgartner, R. J. (2019). Open innovation and its effects on economic and sustainability innovation performance. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(4), 226-233.
17.Rauter, R., Jonker, J., & Baumgartner, R. J. (2017). Going one's own way: drivers in developing business models for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 140, 144-154.
18.Roundy, P. T., Bradshaw, M., & Brockman, B. K. (2018). The emergence of entrepreneurial ecosystems: A complex adaptive systems approach. Journal of business research, 86, 1-10.
19.Sarango-Lalangui, P., Santos, J. L. S., & Hormiga, E. (2018). The development of sustainable entrepreneurship research field. Sustainability, 10(6), 2005.
20.Spigel, B. (2017). The relational organization of entrepreneurial ecosystems. Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 41(1), 49-72.
21.Vaska, S., Massaro, M., Bagarotto, E. M., & Dal Mas, F. (2021). The digital transformation of business model innovation: A structured literature review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 539363.



